1. allow adequate time to plan, write, rewrite, and edit your document.
1. 保留充足的时间起草，写作，重写以及编辑你的文章。
2. know your topic thoroughly.
2. 对写作话题要有的充分理解。
3. identify your specific purpose for writing--and write to achieve that purpose.
3. 明确写作的目标，并为朝着这个目标而写作。
4. keep your audience in mind from start to finish: adopt the "you attitude."
4. 始终把读者放在心中，采用“读者立场”原则。
5. present information clearly and accurately.
5. 清晰准确地表达你的观点。
6. use concrete examples to clarify important concepts.
6. 使用具体例子来阐述重要的概念。
7. define unfamiliar technical terms and avoid needless jargon.
7. 文章中要区分和避免使用生僻的术语。
8. use the active voice and passive voice appropriately.
8. 灵活运用主动和被动语态。
9. avoid excessive nominalization (long strings of nouns).
9. 尽量避免使用过多的名词结构。
10. begin paragraphs with main points; don't bury key ideas in the middle.
10. 开门见山，不要把主要观点藏在段落中间。
11. use imperative sentences when giving instructions.
11. 在给予指示的时候多使用祈使句。
12. use bulleted or numbered lists for items in a series.
12. 把同级的观点以项目符号或编号的形式排列。
13. anticipate your readers' questions and respond to them directly.
13. 预测读者可能会提出的问题并在文中回答。
14. keep quotations brief and credit your sources.
14. 引言要尽可能简短，并标明出处。
15. use meaningful headings and subheadings to highlight your organizational plan and guide your readers.
15. 标题和副标题要具有代表性的，以此突出逻辑结构，指引读者。
16. use appropriate graphics to enhance and illustrate key points.
16. 适当使用图表来突出重点。
17. briefly summarize your conclusions or recommendations at the end of the document.
17. 在文末简要地总结你的结论或建议。
18. read your draft aloud as you revise.
18. 边修改边大声读出你的草稿。
19. cut the clutter as you edit.
19. 把累赘的地方删除掉。
20. proofread your text--and ask someone else to proofread it as well.
20. 校对文本，当你认为没有问题的时候，也可以请求别人帮你校对。
1. 保留充足的时间起草，写作，重写以及编辑你的文章。
2. know your topic thoroughly.
2. 对写作话题要有的充分理解。
3. identify your specific purpose for writing--and write to achieve that purpose.
3. 明确写作的目标，并为朝着这个目标而写作。
4. keep your audience in mind from start to finish: adopt the "you attitude."
4. 始终把读者放在心中，采用“读者立场”原则。
5. present information clearly and accurately.
5. 清晰准确地表达你的观点。
6. use concrete examples to clarify important concepts.
6. 使用具体例子来阐述重要的概念。
7. define unfamiliar technical terms and avoid needless jargon.
7. 文章中要区分和避免使用生僻的术语。
8. use the active voice and passive voice appropriately.
8. 灵活运用主动和被动语态。
9. avoid excessive nominalization (long strings of nouns).
9. 尽量避免使用过多的名词结构。
10. begin paragraphs with main points; don't bury key ideas in the middle.
10. 开门见山，不要把主要观点藏在段落中间。
11. use imperative sentences when giving instructions.
11. 在给予指示的时候多使用祈使句。
12. use bulleted or numbered lists for items in a series.
12. 把同级的观点以项目符号或编号的形式排列。
13. anticipate your readers' questions and respond to them directly.
13. 预测读者可能会提出的问题并在文中回答。
14. keep quotations brief and credit your sources.
14. 引言要尽可能简短，并标明出处。
15. use meaningful headings and subheadings to highlight your organizational plan and guide your readers.
15. 标题和副标题要具有代表性的，以此突出逻辑结构，指引读者。
16. use appropriate graphics to enhance and illustrate key points.
16. 适当使用图表来突出重点。
17. briefly summarize your conclusions or recommendations at the end of the document.
17. 在文末简要地总结你的结论或建议。
18. read your draft aloud as you revise.
18. 边修改边大声读出你的草稿。
19. cut the clutter as you edit.
19. 把累赘的地方删除掉。
20. proofread your text--and ask someone else to proofread it as well.
20. 校对文本，当你认为没有问题的时候，也可以请求别人帮你校对。
